Bacteriophage Life Cycle Animation

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect​ bacteria. A bacteriophage can have a protein tail attached to the capsid (protein coat that envelopes the genetic material), which is used to infect the host bacteria. All About Viruses Scientists have long sought to uncover the structure and function of viruses. Viruses are unique -- they have been classified as both living and nonliving at various points in the history of biology. A virus particle, also known as a virion, is essentially a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein shell or coat. Viruses are extremely small, approximately 15 - 25 nanometers in diameter. Virus Replication Viruses are intracellular obligate parasites, which means that they cannot reproduce or express their genes without the help of a living cell. Once a virus has infected a cell, it will use the cells ribosomes, enzymes, and much of the cellular machinery to reproduce. Viral replication produces many progeny that leave the host cell to infect other cells. Bacteriophage Life Cycle A bacteriophage reproduces by one of two types of life cycles. These cycles are the lysogenic life cycle and the lytic life cycle. In the lysogenic cycle, bacteriophages reproduce without killing the host. Genetic recombination occurs between the viral DNA and the bacterial genome as the viral DNA is inserted into the bacterial chromosome. In the lytic life cycle, the virus breaks open or lyses the host cell. This results in the death of the host. Bacteriophage Life Cycle Animation Below are animations of the lytic life cycle of a bacteriophage.Animation AThe bacteriophage attaches to the cell wall of a bacterium.Animation BThe bacteriophage injects its genome into the bacterium.Animation CThis animation shows the replication of the viral genome.Animation DBacteriophages are released by lysis.Animation ESummary of the entire lytic life cycle of a bacteriophage.

Essay about Three Generations Project #2 - 1470 Words

Examination of Stage of Development in a Relative The person I interviewed, Christopher, is fourteen years old. He is in the eighth grade in middle school in a rural area of Tennessee. For the interview we went to a local park where we could talk in a more isolated, but comfortable setting. The goal of the interview was to get to know the person being interviewed better and see where they are in relation to Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Theory. The interview was conducted in a manner that would allow for me to test for hypothetical thinking abilities, internalizing/externalizing tendencies, self-awareness abilities, identity vs. confusion/ psychosocial development, biological growth, cognitive†¦show more content†¦He is considered to be obese according to his BMI, but he enjoys participating in extracurricular activities such as soccer, basketball, and Boy Scouts. He stated that he does feel very self-conscious about h is weight and that when people make fun of him for it, he’ll usually make fun of himself because it doesn’t hurt as much. Cognitively speaking, Christopher is mostly at age level. However, he has a learning disability and is estimated to be one year behind in regards to socialization skills and the ability to make friends. He is at age level in regards to formal operational thinking. Christopher is at age level in regards to externalizing and internalizing of emotions. He has a tendency to internalize and then explode. The results of the survey indicate that the interviewee is well aware of oneself as an individual. The last series of questions asked searched for a series of indications that the interviewee had well developed hypothetical thinking abilities for her age. Christopher is at age level in terms of hypothetical thinking and seems to be well developed in this area. 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The Actual Real World in “The Heat Death of the Universe” Free Essays

In today†s busy world, many people get so caught up in their own ambience that they overlook all the other things out there. Some people seem treat their surroundings as if it were their own â€Å"little world†, creating tunnel vision to the array of the actual real world and all the things that occur in it. Pamela Zoline addresses this and many other issues in the short story, â€Å"The Heat Death of the Universe†. We will write a custom essay sample on The Actual Real World in â€Å"The Heat Death of the Universe† or any similar topic only for you Order Now This piece reports the abstract, somewhat crazy thoughts, of the world from an ordinary housewife to the reader. At first, these thoughts appear to be coming from a severely confused and mentally unstable person, with no point what so ever. Contrary to the evidence stated in the text, â€Å"Sarah Boyle is a vivacious and intelligent young wife†¦ proud of her growing family which keeps her busy and happy around the house† (192), the reader can see that the main character, Sarah Boyle, is quite unsatisfied with her place in life. This unhappiness stems from a wasted education, causing the apathetic housewife to resort to ceaseless contemplation, which shapes the life she has created for herself and the home she is trapped in. The fact that Sarah Boyle was well-educated is pointed out clearly in the first few paragraphs, â€Å"Sarah Boyle is a vivacious and intelligent young wife and mother, educated at a fine Eastern college† (192). This fact can be also be easily deduced by the reader after observing the knowledge Sarah presents and the vocabulary she exhibits, such as â€Å"ONTOLOGY: That branch of metaphysics which concerns itself with the problems of the nature of existence or being† (191) and â€Å"ENTROPY: A quantity introduced in the first place to facilitate the calculations, and to give clear expressions to the results of thermodynamics† (193). Clearly, such words are not ones that would be regarded as common knowledge or everyday conversation topics. The terms used by Sarah throughout the story lead the reader to regard her as some type of advanced science major. In addition to the vocabulary usage, the manner in which her mind functions and the habits she displays also guides the reader to the same assumption. Sarah demonstrates scientific thinking methods constantly; always making lists, noticing irrelevant and abstract things, counting and lettering objects, constantly pondering ideas and concerned with factual matters. Sometimes she numbers or letters the things in a room†¦ there are 819 separate moveable objects in the living room†¦ she is passionately fond of children†s dictionaries, encyclopedias, ABCs and all reference books† (193). Combining all these facts, statements, and observations the reader deduces Sarah Boyle as a scientifically educated, intelligent woman: Which leads to the question, why is Sarah a housewife? This thought seems to reoccurringly pass though Sarah†s mind as well. The mannerisms that Sarah Boyle displays evident the fact that she is unhappy with her position in life as a housewife; she feels that her education is worthless here, causing her to feel unchallenged and bored, which only leads to endless contemplation in the world she has chosen. The largest indicators of Sarah†s unhappiness are the notes that she leaves throughout the house, such as â€Å"Many young wives fell trapped. It is a contemporary sociological phenomenon† and â€Å"Help, Help, Help, Help, Help† (193). In addition to these notes, rarely does Sarah ever talk about her family; which is highly contrary to the expectations of the common housewife. When she does refer to her family, the statements are quite short, uncaring, and undescriptive. â€Å"Today is the birthday of one of the children† (192). Speaking of her family life, never does she mention a husband. Sarah only makes remarks of a questionable nature about her children, she doesn†t seem to display the motherly love or compassion one would expect; in fact, several places in the short story, the comment is made that â€Å"Sarah Boyle is never quite sure how many children she has† (196). This comment leaves the reader confused and, in addition to the numerous derogatory and confusing references made to children throughout the story, causes the reader to think that she doesn†t care for her children at all. Looking at some of the statements she makes, this is quite possible. In one situation she conceives the idea that a cereal may cause cancer, â€Å"Perhaps something is terrible wrong with the cereal†¦ Perhaps it causes a special, cruel Cancer in little children†¦ she imagines in her mind†s eye the headlines†¦ † (192). Irregardless of this idea, she excessively feeds the children the cereal â€Å"great yellow heaps of it† (192) and even goes out to the store to buy more â€Å"shopping in the supermarket†¦ a box of Sugar Frosted Flakes†. These facts combine to produce the result that she does not care if her children get cancer. Also, Sarah feels that â€Å"housework is never completed† (197), resulting in a never-ending task, that eventually drives her insane. All evidence in mind, it becomes clear that she is unhappy as a housewife, causing her to constantly create crazy ideas with her unapplied education, driving herself into an unstable mental state. With no appropriate way to apply the education Sarah has received, she resorts to using it in the only place she has as an option, her home. She starts to devise a parallel between her house and the universe. She falls back on her education and implements the theory of entropy and the â€Å"heat death of the Universe† into her own homemaking skills. According to these theories combined, â€Å"The total ENTROPY of the Universe therefore is increasing, tending towards a maximum, corresponding to complete disorder of the particles in it†¦ he Universe constitutes a thermodynamically closed system, and if this were true it would mean that a time just finally come when the Universe â€Å"unwinds† itself, no energy being available for use† (200). Sarah applies this theory in her housekeeping techniques, thinking that the more organized she is, the less disorder she creates. Therefore, she is not contributing to entropy in her own Universe, her house. Keeping entropy at a constant therefore would not contribute to the â€Å"heat death of the Universe†. Evidently, this abstract thinking is indicating some mental problems. At the end of the short story, Sarah displays a mental breakdown, combining all the unexplainable ideas that float though her mind in a physical and mental explosion. Throughout this short story, Pamela Zoline effectively addresses many relevant issues in today†s society. Through a common housewife, Sarah Boyle, the reader can observe the daily trauma and feeling of worthlessness that one may experience at what it can result in. How to cite The Actual Real World in â€Å"The Heat Death of the Universe†, Papers

Specific Performance free essay sample

Specific performance can be used as a remedy in certain cases of breach of contract. I’ll explain in a bit exactly what specific performance is as well as give an example of what type of case(s) it can be applied to. As you’ll see the doctrine of specific performance can be a very fair remedy in many cases and is one of the most common remedies used by courts. There are two different types of remedies in contract breach cases. Remedies at law are usually awarded as monetary damages. The second type is remedies in equity, which are only awarded when remedy at law is not adequate to cover losses (Miller Jentz, 2008). The three most common forms of equitable remedies are rescission and restitution, specific performance, and reformation. Specific performance requires the act promised in the contract be performed by the breaching party. The non-breaching party is typically a fan of this remedy because they will be awarded what was originally contracted. We will write a custom essay sample on Specific Performance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This type of remedy could actually be more valuable to the non-breaching party than monetary damages (Miller Jentz, 2008). Contracts for the sale of goods are rarely remedied with specific performance. According to Miller and Jentz (2008), one of the few exceptions to this rule is when the goods are unique in nature (art, collectable coins, rare edition books, etc.) because monetary damages would not help the buyer to find identical substitutes. For the following three case examples, we will only focus on specific performance as the available remedy: Scenario 1 Tarrington contracts to sell her house and lot to Rainier. Then, on finding another buyer willing to pay a higher purchase price, she refuses to deed the property to Rainier. Scenario 2  Marita contracts to sing and dance in Horace’s nightclub for one month, beginning June 1. She then refuses to perform. Scenario 3  Juan contracts to purchase a rare coin from Edmund, who is breaking up his coin collection. At the last minute, Edmund decides to keep his coin collection intact and refuses to deliver the coin to Juan. Scenario 4 Astro Computer Corp. has three shareholders. Among them are Coase, who owns 48%, and Cary, who owns 4%. Cary contracts to sell his 4% to DeValle but  later refuses to transfer the shares to him. After the previous explanation of when specific performance and when it may or may not be used in court. I would think the only scenario above that would NOT be remedied correctly with specific performance is the first one which involves real estate. As I shared earlier, cases involving sale of goods like land are typically better remedied by monetary damages being recovered by the non-breaching party. Scenarios two and four are self explanatory as to why they could be remedied by specific performance. Scenario three involves a rare coin, which is the only reason it could qualify for the doctrine of specific performance.

How successful was Wolsey as Lord Chancellor Essay Example

How successful was Wolsey as Lord Chancellor? Essay Wolsey marked some of Henry’s most significant renaissance style achievements, including the prestige boosting Treaty of London. Notable for his origins as being of ‘low birth’, Wolsey quickly rose through the ranks to become one of Henry’s most favoured individuals- even to the extent of being viewed by some as the ‘alter-rex’, the secondary ruler in Henry’s reign. Rising to the position of Lord Chancellor, Wolsey enacted numerous policies, including the King’s ambitious foreign policy, rebuilding England’s financial stability, as well as the reform of the justice system. Foreign policy is arguably one of Wolsey’s biggest successes under his role of Lord Chancellor; despite the numerous challenges faced by England’s failing finances Wolsey emerged as the driving force behind Henry’s ambitions. Early invasions of France included the Battle of the Spurs, gaining England some land in France as well as granting Henry limited prestige on the international front, one of the first English victories. While warfare was not a continued success, it is important to note that Wolsey was extremely successful in his attempts; the limited financial capacity of England did not deter him from raising numerous taxations, including one Parliamentary taxation grant, despite the fact that it was used for a relatively unpopular war. Wolsey was also the face of England in the Treaty of London negotiation, which saw England being placed into the position as an ‘arbiter of peace’ across Europe, fulfilling Henry’s ambitious intentions of placing the country into the forefront of international affairs. We will write a custom essay sample on How successful was Wolsey as Lord Chancellor? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How successful was Wolsey as Lord Chancellor? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How successful was Wolsey as Lord Chancellor? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Taking into account England’s financial status, it is possible to see that Wolsey was extremely efficient and successful in his role as Lord Chancellor, and the Field of the Cloth of Gold proved to show England’s newly improved financial capacity under the guidance of Wolsey. Some historians describe Wolsey as an ‘alter-rex’, and it is possible to see the reasons for doing so; as the Lord Chancellor it was Wolsey who was often tasked with carrying out the King’s wishes, and from the successes in foreign policy it was clear that Wolsey had made the best out of a dire situation. However, the dire situation eventually proved to also be his undoing, and the move towards a French alliance and the Amicable Grant proved to be a failure, marking his departure from successes in foreign policy. Therefore, Wolsey was relatively successful as Lord Chancellor in his role residing over Henry’s ambitious foreign policy. With foresight on the limited resources available to carry out Henry’s ambitious policies, Wolsey sought to improve the financial situation England found itself in. The former king Henry VII had left a large treasury to his son, but this was quickly spent as the king enjoyed living lavishly, as well as the main issue of his assertive foreign policy. As Lord Chancellor, Wolsey was placed in charge of the royal finances, and began enacting a series of cost cutting measures, including pushing the Act of Resumption in 1515 to regain some Crown Lands, providing extra revenue towards the king’s treasury. Further measures enacted by Wolsey included the Royal taxes and subsidies, raising a combined total of ? 443,000, employing larger taxes on the wealthier. Wolsey continued to take further measures, and upon assembling Parliament Wolsey did make an achievement; ? 200,000 was granted for the war against France, although significantly less than he had originally hoped. Another mark of his success was the use of forced loans, netting the royal treasury another ? 350,000, rebuilding much of the treasury that had been spent. Measures to cut spending were also enacted, including the expulsion of the minions, the reduction of the Gentleman of the Bedchamber as well as laying off 2000 royal servants proved to be a successful cost-cutting measure. While Wolsey’s success was hampered by the failures of the Amicable Grant which failed to provide any monetary support, overall Wolsey was extremely successful in managing royal finances, eventually creating a budget surplus of ? 107,000, and the fact that the king required more than this was not under the control of Wolsey – the monetary wealth Wolsey had gained for the treasury in this relatively short period of time was significant, and rather it was Henry who hamper ed the success. The justice system was another area that Wolsey attempted to reform. Wolsey was successful in a limited extent when it came to reforms, notably involving himself in the daily operations of both the Court of Chancery and the Court of Star Chamber. This was especially true for numerous incidents where the poor could finally bring their cases forward, and Wolsey was generally seen as equitable in the fact that he had no legal training; judgements were decided mainly on Wolsey’s own perceptions of what was justified. Notable reforms include Wolsey’s attempts to limit the ability to create enclosures, and the creation of a commission to investigate against land owners accused of unfairly enclosing land for themselves. However, his successes are only to a limited extent; Wolsey’s reforms were not implemented permanently, and upon his fall from power the changes he implemented were largely ignored. Wolsey is also accused of using the justice system for his own personal vengeance, with notable cases including Amyas Paulet where Wolsey used the courts to prosecute and have revenge for past incidences. Overall, in this field Wolsey was only successful to a limited extent as Lord Chancellor, introducing limited reforms and involving himself as much as possible into the workings of the court system. However, his successes are hampered by the fact that Wolsey was somewhat unjust in using the courts to pursue his own personal interests, as well as the ultimate failure to secure any permanent reforms that would last even after his fall from power. Wolsey’s role as Lord Chancellor resulted in him being placed into numerous positions of responsibility, much so to the point that some historians refer to him as the ‘alter rex’ of England, the real manager behind the scenes. Clearly Wolsey was relatively successful in his role, successfully negotiating foreign peace treaties and achieving a new level of prestige for England never seen before. Royal finances were also improved significantly, especially when taking into account that Henry’s numerous excursions in war were extremely expensive, and yet Wolsey was still able to maintain financial relative stability. While the justice system saw little permanent reform, it must be noted that Wolsey did make some steps towards greater justice, although hampered by his own personal vengeance. Despite this, Wolsey had been successful in the key issues of the time, and overall he was successful in his role as Lord Chancellor to a large extent.

Personal Review of Avatar

Personal Review of Avatar Avatar is the mower which has opened the new epoch in the movie development. The idea of the movie has appeared many years ago, but only the innovative development of nowadays allowed the director to shot it. I would like to say that the idea of the movie is not new as well. Those who watched Pocahontas cartoon can easily recognize the main idea. Of course, the cartoon was a little bit different, however, the main characters and the main ideas were the same.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Review of Avatar specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Considering the movie Avatar, it may be said that everything was fantastic, the play of the characters, the presentation and specially the format. 3D is a new format of the movies which allows to see the whole picture, better and more entertaining. The best scene is when the main characters are near the tree. I suppose that these are the most exciting moments, as it was the time when people understood that hey could trust each other. This is really important. There are many themes in the movie which coincide and differ at one and the same time. The problems of courage, trust, love, relationships, jealousy, greed, devotion to traditions and the relation to the customs of other nations, and other particular problems which may bother people in the modern world. The confrontation of the innovative technologies with the traditional settings may lead to the devastating wars. The movie impresses with the specific effects which add to the whole impression from the movie. The ideas and their implementation on the screen are ideal. Jeremy Wheeler’s Review of Avatar on Rotten Tomatoes Web Site Jeremy Wheeler, in his review, pays attention to the general description of the plot and the innovative technologies which allowed the face impressions of the characters to be captured. It is possible to agree and accept the discussion of the plot, however, the revi ew is more about the alien forces aimed at winning the territory. However, I cannot fully agree with it as the place of the relationships between people from two alien civilizations is important as well. It is very difficult to begin to trust a person whose civilization is trying to destroy yours. I suppose, the movie is more about personal relationships and the desire to show that it is possible to agree on some particular issues. Greed is central in this movie as trying to get the treasures of Pandora, strangers do not understand that different people value absolutely different things. Money is not the main treasure which may interest people. Soul and the corners of human mind are more important. The citizens of Pandora have managed to understand this, but those who live in our innovative world where money has become too valued have lost that feeling and cannot even imagine other values.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mali Elfman’s Review of Avatar on Screen Crave Web Site Mali Elfman states that generally the movie is worth seeing, however, in her opinion, Cameron has chosen a simple story where bad gays enter the home of good ones and then, one good man feels sympathy to the one who is a bad gay and, as a result, the bad gay takes the side of the victims and does all possible to help them. The plot is rather primitive and Mali Elfman is sure that Cameron could choose something better and more impressive. However, the presentation is amazing and I absolutely agree with Mali Elfman who says that Cameron has opened the new period in the movie development. Underlining the weak sides of the movie Mali Elfman points at the primitive plot, too early footage and inappropriate music. I do not agree about the music as I suppose it is great and perfectly fits the situation. Additionally, I am sure that that the music creates additional mood which supports during the whole movie. James Rocchi’s Review of Avatar on MSN Movies Web Site James Rocchi pays much attention to the technique of the movie development and its price comparing and contrasting it with The Matrix and Transformers 2 calling those silly. Omitting the discussion of other movies and turning to the consideration of the Avatar, I would like to agree with the author of the review that the movie’s population is more connected with its presentation and the form of performance than its plot. Many people have already seen this story in Pocahontas and they are not really impressed with its novelty. But the way the movie is shot, the 3D format and the effects are the central in this movie. I absolutely agree with the author of the review that the special effects have made the movie popular, otherwise, it would be one more love story which does not deserve much attention. James Rocchi says that Avatar is not something new, but if one gets rid of prejudices and watches the movie, he/she will be impressed. Manohla Dargis’s Review of Avatar in The New York Times The movie reviews in The New York Times have always impressed with the detailed discussion of the scene and the behind scene episodes. The review by Manohla Dargis is not an exception. To summarize the Manohla Dargis’s review in a couple of words, it is possible to paraphrase his words saying that Cameron is able to create a movie which can raise WOW in heads of others. Again, like other film reviews, Manohla Dargis points at the primitiveness of the plot but the great interest of the society in it. It is possible to consider several reasons and the name of the director and the specific effects in combination with the 3D technologies are some of them. I agree with this statement and apart from the original plot in such movies as Titanic and The Matrix directed by Cameron, the story about Pandora is not new, it is just perfectly decorated and this makes others watch it. Catherine Shoard’ Review of Avatar in The Guardian Catherine Shoard opposite to Mali Elfman (the review was presented on Screen Crave Web Site) states that the footage was not early and it did not spoil the effect from watching the movie. The author of the review compares and contrasts the success of Avatar with the success of Titanic. I am not sure that the comparison is appropriate, but I have noticed that many reviewers remember other movies by Cameron writing about Avatar.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Review of Avatar specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Shoard is sure that there is only one particular reason which may prevent Avatar from topping Titanic at the box office is the absence of the digital screens all over world and not all people will be able to see it in 3D. The review was written before the movie had been released that makes it possible to check the expectations and compare tho se with the movie which has already been released. Catherine Shoard was absolutely correct saying that Cameron has a lot of ideas which can impress. Peter Rainer’s Review of Avatar on The Christmas Science Monitor Peter Rainer calls the movie the state of the art and it is impossible to disagree with this idea. I am sure that those who have managed to watch the movie and have read the Peter Rainer’s review can absolutely agree with him. Even though many authors call the plot of the movie primitive, Peter Rainer is sure that there should be more movies with such plot to remind people about their essence, to show then that treasures may be uncountable and that the possession of a good heart is the only valued item in the world. The author of the review stresses on the interest of Cameron on the old clichà ©s, but the way of presentation always impresses. Apprising and stressing on the movie success, Peter Rainer wants to show that he is positive about the movie and the may it is presented on the screens. Roger Eber’s Review of Avatar on Rogerebert.com Roger Ebert’s review is considered to be the most impressive and the most positive. Calling Avatar a â€Å"technical breakthrough†, the critic states that the movie is not that long how it may seem from the first sight. There are a lot of different stories and the plot is really varied that one cannot get tired of the movie up to the last scene. When the movie is over, one even cannot understand what the movie is about. It contains too much from the pint of view of Eber and I absolutely agree. The plot is varied and therefore attracting. One may say that it is about love and trust, others may point at the customs and traditions value. However, the director wanted to show the technology and their abilities and the plot was just the cover for this. Cameron is able to make an impressive story from anything and even though the plot is not new, more and more people watch this film and admire its magnificence. Anne Brodie’s Review of Avatar on Monsters Critics Web Site Anne Brodie’s review contains too much sarcasm. Believing in the talent of Cameron, Anne Brodie states that the plot is primitive and the movie is attended only because of the name of Cameron and his ability to make a sensation. The format of the movie and the way it is presented is exactly why people watch it, but the plot does not deserve attention only because it is not new. I absolutely disagree with the author of the review and one should have a great talent to be able to create a new story out of the old plot. Not everyone is able to create a sensation on the basis of the already known plot and only a great movie can top Titanic and give the viewers so much impression. The sarcasm of Anne Brodie is inappropriate as being the master of the movies Cameron has just done his work. That is all.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

The Responsibility to Relieve the Suffering Essay

The Responsibility to Relieve the Suffering - Essay Example Majority of the people hate to see others suffering. They want to do something that will end suffering. It is unfortunate that most of the strategies they adopt to relieve the suffering of others are not justified. In other cases, some people relent to relieve the suffering of others when they have the potential. This implies that there are different circumstances and realities that determine the willingness of an individual to respond. There are times when people relent to help and in some way, it is justified. These people count the cost and sometimes the price to pay is too high for them. According to Hardin, he highlights how thirty-seven people failed to save a woman, who was their neighbor, from an attack (779). Hardin explains how the onlookers failed to make a phone call to the police immediately they heard her cries and saw the assailant. It is not clear why these people did not want to make a move that would have saved their neighbor. Probably some of them were ignorant but it is clear that they wanted to stay clear of the story. Analysis of this story leaves one wondering why these people were so afraid of making a phone call. They wanted to help but a certain fear prevented them from doing so. From the perspective of Hardin, sometimes we do not have to help people undergoing suffering because we want them to learn things the hard way. He illustrates a classic example of how poor countries depend on aids from richer countries. Poor countries have challenges handling natural calamities such as hunger due to climate changes, diseases, earthquake, and floods. They rely on rich countries for help. The rich countries have a choice to make on how they respond to their cries. One option would be to educate the rest of the world on better strategies of planning and budgeting as well as disaster preparedness. They can also choose to donate part of their surplus to feed the hungry nations. It is clear in his reasoning that a lifeboat survives only if critical measures are put into place. Poor countries must learn how to budget and plan. They should adopt strategies that will ensure they are independent (Hanh and Weisman 18). In addition, it is essential to learn how to control their population so that it can survive on the available resources. If rich countries continue relieving their suffering without their own initiative of finding long-term solutions, then the lifeboat will sink. Poor countries multiply so fast and similar trends of population increase are predictable in the future. On the contrary, rich countries portray a more controlled population growth. There will be more dependents in society and the rich will exhaust their resources. Overpopulation in poor counties will rise to levels that the environment cannot sustain. People from poor countries will want to immigrate to rich countries to get easier access to a better life. This immigration will lead to environmental strain in rich countries. In both cases, the lifeboat will capsize. From the analysis of Hardin’s point of view, it is evident that it is justified to withhold help with good intentions. The rich countries are not selfish; they want the poor countries to take the first responsibility in eliminating their suffering. Poor countries should learn to be more responsible in terms of both governance and planning. If rich countries always choose to relieve the suffering of the poor countries by giving those aids, they will cause devastating effects both to themselves and to the rest of the